Basic Electrical Safety Testing Solution for White Goods

Home appliance safety testing is a key link to ensure that home appliances meet safety standards and regulatory requirements, involving electrical safety, mechanical safety, fire protection, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and other aspects.

For electrical safety testing of white appliances (such as refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, dishwashers, etc.), special test plans need to be formulated in combination with their characteristics such as high power, long-term operation, and use in humid environments.

The following is a basic electrical safety test plan for white appliances, covering mandatory test items, standard requirements, test methods and equipment selection, which is suitable for R&D verification, production line testing and certification test scenarios.

Test Standard Basis

Core standards

IEC 60335-1 (general requirements) + corresponding sub-standards (such as IEC 60335-2-7 washing machines)

GB 4706.1 (China CCC certification) / UL 60335-1 (North America) / EN 60335-1 (EU)

Four Basic Test Items

1. Dielectric Strength Test

Basic insulation: 1000V AC (or 1414V DC)

Reinforced insulation: 3000V AC (or 4242V DC)

Duration: 60 seconds (production line can be shortened to 1-3 seconds)

Judgment criteria: no breakdown (leakage current ≤10mA)

Equipment: Dielectric strength tester (such as Ainuo AN9632B)

Production line recommendation: automatic step-up and step-down type (with arc detection function)

2. Ground Resistance Test (Ground Bond Test)

Test current: 25A (or 1.5 times rated current)

Resistance limit: ≤0.1Ω (from ground terminal to accessible metal parts)

Duration: 60 seconds

Equipment: Ground resistance tester (Ainuo AN1610D).

Note: The influence of the test line resistance needs to be eliminated (the four-wire method is more accurate)

3. Leakage Current Test

Test voltage: 1.06 times the rated voltage (e.g. 230V→244V)

Class I appliances: ≤0.75mA (handheld ≤0.5mA)

Class II appliances: ≤0.25mA

Test network: Comply with IEC 60990 (human body simulation circuit)

Equipment: leakage current tester (e.g. Ainuo AN1620H)

4. Power Input Test

Limit: Measured power ≤ rated value + 5% (-10% allowed)

Test status: Measure after the equipment is fully loaded and running stably

Equipment: Power meter (Ainuo AN87660(F))

Test Process Design

1. R&D Verification Phase

Full project test: Complete each item according to the standard, and record waveforms/data (e.g. leakage current curve of withstand voltage test)

Fault simulation: such as short-circuit protection device, forced heat dissipation failure

2. Production Line Test (100% Full Inspection)

Fast test mode (≤30 seconds/unit):

Equipment integration: Select a comprehensive safety tester (such as Ainuo AN9640B, supporting six-in-one testing)

Equipment Selection Recommendations

Conclusion

As a professional testing and measurement solution provider, Ainuo provides customers with efficient and accurate white goods electrical safety testing solutions.